gZhams Khong khri

00398 

Other names / Alternative spellings 

Social groups (status, family, lineage...) 

gZhams family ? 

Period of activity 

VIIIth century ? 

IXth century ? 

Reign of Khri Srong lde brtsan ? 

Reign of Mu ne brtsan ? 

Reign of Khri lDe srong brtsan ? 

Reign of Khri gTsug lde brtsan ? 

Reign of 'U 'i dum brtan ? 

Biographical data 

The messenger (pho nya) gZhams Khong khri (pho nya) asked for An bTsan zigs tshan's horse... (ms. PT 1096 l. r1-r2, r11). 

Titles 

pho nya (ms. PT 1096 l. r1, r11) 

Notes

gZhams Zla gong

00406 

Other names / Alternative spellings 

gZhams Zla gong (ms. Or.15000/114 l. v3) 

Social groups (status, family, lineage...) 

gZhams family ? 

Period of activity 

VIIIth century ? 

IXth century ? 

Reign of Khri Srong lde brtsan ? 

Reign of Mu ne brtsan ? 

Reign of Khri lDe srong brtsan ? 

Reign of Khri gTsug lde brtsan ? 

Reign of 'U 'i dum brtan ? 

Biographical data 

Titles 

Notes 

On ms. Or.15000/114 see Takeuchi 1997-1998, document n° 176.

Mar kong za Rin cen

00378 

Other names / Alternative spellings 

Social groups (status, family, lineage...) 

Mar kong ? 

Period of activity 

VIIIth century 

Reign of Khri Srong lde brtsan

Biographical data 

Mar kong za (lady) Rin cen is mentioned in a list of Buddhist practioners who achieved nirvâna "without remainder of the aggregates" (phung po lhag pa ma lus pa) including : Lang 'gro dKon mchog 'byung gnas, gNubs Nam kai snying po, dBu na A nang, Rlang Su ga ta go ba, and 'Brom za Ti pang (ms. PT 699 2r7-2v1). 

Titles 

grub pa po (ms. PT 699 l. 2v1). 

Notes 

On ms. PT 699 see Meinert 2007.

"Mer gong bza' Rin chen gtsug" is mentioned by Nyang Nyi ma 'od zer in the time of Khri Srong lde brtsan ("mkha' 'gro bkra shis mtsho rgyal / shel dkar bza' rdo rje mtsho dang / 'bro bza' ti pang ma / ru yong bza' ma 'thing ma / mchims rin chen gsal le 'od / mer gong bza' rin chen gtsug dang drug la sogs te / khyad par gyi bu mo gzungs mar byas /", Nyang Nyi ma 'od zer 2010 ed. p. 322).

Also, Mer gong bza' Rin chen mchog gtsug : " de nas slob dpon pad ma 'byung gnas lho nub mtshams srin po'i yul du bzhud pa la lha sras mnga' bdag rgyal po mu tig btsan po dang / blon po rnams dang / dge bshes rnams dang / sngags pa rnams dang / rnal 'byor pa rnams dang / sman pa rnams dang / bon po rnams dang / skye bo rnams dang / bud med rnams dang / sgom chen pa rnams dang / nya ma rnams dang / slob dpon gyi mi brjed pa'i gzungs thob pa'i bkra shis mtsho rgyal / shel bza' rdo rje mtsho dang / ru yongs bza' 'thing ma dang / mchims bza' rin chen gsal le 'od dang / 'brom bza' ti pang ma dang / mer gong bza' rin chen mchog gtsug dang / khyad par gyi bu mo drug dang bcas pa rnams kyis / rgyal po la bskor nas byon / ..." (Nyang Nyi ma 'od zer 2010 ed. p. 357).

'brom za ti pang dang / mar kong za rin cen (?) in ms. PT 699 2v1

Source: Gallica

gNyan rNyi ba bTsan ba dpal

00348 

Other names / Alternative spellings 

gnyan rNyi ba bTsan ba dpal (ms. PT 44 l. 21.2) 

rNyi ba (ms. PT 44 l. 22.3) 

Social groups (status, family, lineage...) 

gnyan*

rNyi ba ?  (= gNyi ba?)

Period of activity 

VIIIth century 

Reign of Khri Srong lde brtsan 

Biographical data 

gNyan rNyi ba bTsan ba dpal was a disciple of Pad ma sam ba ba who practiced his master's teachings on phur bu in lHo brag gnyan gong with [Byin] Ye shes brtsegs and lDe sman rGyal mtshan (ms. PT 44 l. 21.1-22.5 ). 

Titles 

Notes

The XIIIth century chronicles attributed to Ne'u Pandita and mKhas pa lde'u state that rNyi ba or sNyi (family ?) built the Ban pa'i lha khang (Ne'u Pandita 2005 ed. p. 28, mKhas pa lde'u 2010 ed. p. 282).

For a translation of PT 44 see Cantwell, Mayer 2008 p. 57-67.

*A nickname ? gNyan: a kind of "wild sheep" but also a category of spirit. Probably not a mispell for mNyan since rNyi ba seems to be bTsan ba dpal's family name. Perhaps a transcription of sk. jñana ? (see gNya' na gar ba/gNyen ga rba). In later documentation, the epithet gnyan is attributed to gnyan chen dPal dbyangs (Lo pan bka' thang XXXIII, in bKa' thang sde lnga p. 402-406, also gnyan â tsa.rya dPal dbyangs  in Klong chen chos 'byung 1991 ed., p. 355-357), a student of gNyags lo tsâ ba Ye shes gzhon nu alias gNyags Dznya na ku mâ ra according to TBRC.

Yo gang g.Yu la skyes

00395 

Other names / Alternative spellings 

Yo gang g.Yu la skyes (ms. PT 1096 l. r10-r11) 

g.Yu la skyes (ms. PT 1096 l. r29) 

Social groups (status, family, lineage...) 

Yo gang 

Period of activity 

VIIIth century ? 

IXth century ? 

Reign of Khri Srong lde brtsan ? 

Reign of Mu ne brtsan ? 

Reign of Khri lDe srong brtsan ? 

Reign of Khri gTsug lde brtsan ? 

Reign of 'U 'i dum brtan ? 

Biographical data 

Yo gang g.Yu la skyes was a tshugs phon (i. e. "tshugs dpon", see Dotson, Hazod 2009 p. 57, 260) mentioned in a document concerning a horse theft (ms. PT 1096 l. r10-r11).

The witnesses (gnya') for Yo gang g.Yu la skyes were : Yo gang Re'u skyes, gNyi ba lHa mthong, Cang sTag bzher, 'An Hva hva, Den Bun 'de, Shig Shing shing (ms. PT 1096 l. r29-r30). 

Titles 

tshugs phon (ms. PT 1096 l. r10) 

Notes

Yo gang Re'u skyes

00401

Other names / Alternative spellings 

Social groups (status, family, lineage...) 

Yo gang

Period of activity 

VIIIth century ? 

IXth century ? 

Reign of Khri Srong lde brtsan ? 

Reign of Mu ne brtsan ? 

Reign of Khri lDe srong brtsan ? 

Reign of Khri gTsug lde brtsan ? 

Reign of 'U 'i dum brtan ? 

Biographical data 

Yo gang Re'u skyes served with gNyi ba lHa mthong, Cang sTag bzher, 'An Hva hva, Den Bun 'de, and Shig Shing shing, as witness (gnya') for the tshugs phon Yo gang g.Yu la skyes in a case of horse theft (ms. PT 1096 l. r29-r30). 

Titles 

Notes

gNyi ba lHa mthong

00394 

Other names / Alternative spellings 

Social groups (status, family, lineage...) 

gNyi ba ?

Period of activity 

VIIIth century ? 

IXth century ? 

Reign of Khri Srong lde brtsan ? 

Reign of Mu ne brtsan ? 

Reign of Khri lDe srong brtsan ? 

Reign of Khri gTsug lde brtsan ? 

Reign of 'U 'i dum brtan ? 

Biographical data 

gNyi ba lHa mthong served with Yo gang Re'u skyes, Cang sTag bzher, 'An Hva hva, Den Bun 'de, and Shig Shing shing, as witness (gnya') for the tshugs phon Yo gang g.Yu la skyes in a case of horse theft (ms. PT 1096 l. r29-r30). 

Titles 

Notes

lHa bal pho

00064 

Other names / Alternative spellings 

lHa bal pho (ms. PT 1288-ITJ 0750 l. 150) 

Social groups (status, family, lineage...) 

gcen 

Period of activity 

VIIIth century 

Regency of 'Bro za Khri ma lod Khri steng 

Biographical data 

lHa bal pho was [Khri 'Dus srong mang po rje's elder son and] the elder brother (gcen) of rGyal gtsug ru (alias Khri lDe gtsug brtsan, ms. PT 1288-ITJ 750 l. 152). 

[After Khri 'Dus srong's death,] lHa bal pho [was enthroned by his supporters and] deposed in Snake year 705 at Pong lag rang (ms. PT 1288-ITJ 750 l. 152). 

Titles 

btsan po gcen (ms. PT 1288-ITJ 750 l. 152) 

Notes 

According to lDe'u jo sras (XIIIth c.), lHa Bal po was a "Pa tshab nephew" (pa tshab tsha) i. e. the son of a btsan po (Khri 'Dus srong) and a Pa tshab queen (lDe'u jo sras 1987 ed. p. 120).

On lHa bal pho see Kapstein 2000 p. 216-218.

sNa nam Zla bzher

00388 

Other names / Alternative spellings 

Social groups (status, family, lineage...) 

sNa nam family 

Period of activity 

VIIIth century ? 

IXth century ? 

Reign of Khri Srong lde brtsan ? 

Reign of Mu ne brtsan ? 

Reign of Khri lDe srong brtsan ? 

Reign of Khri gTsug lde brtsan ? 

Reign of 'U 'i dum brtan ? 

Biographical data 

sNa nam Zla bzher was a watchman at Ta ha (Or.15000/243 l. 1) 

Title 

Notes 

On Or.15000/243, see Takeuchi 1997-1998 n° 309 

On watchmen in ri zug see Takeuchi 2004 p. 51-53

Khyung po Myes skyes

00389 

Other names / Alternative spellings 

Social groups (status, family, lineage...) 

Khyung po family 

Period of activity 

VIIIth century ? 

IXth century ? 

Reign of Khri Srong lde brtsan ? 

Reign of Mu ne brtsan ? 

Reign of Khri lDe srong brtsan ? 

Reign of Khri gTsug lde brtsan ? 

Reign of 'U 'i dum brtan ? 

Biographical data 

Khyung po Myes skyes was a watchman at sNang lung rtse (Or.15000/243 l. 2) 

Titles 

Notes 

On Or.15000/243, see Takeuchi 1997-1998 n° 309

On watchmen in ri zug see Takeuchi 2004 p. 51-53

Shud pu blon rGyal sgra legs

00371 

Other names / Alternative spellings 

Shud pu blon rGyal sgra legs  (ms. PT 1079 l. 6)

blon rGyal sgra ? (ms. PT 1089 l. r6, r77) 

Shud pu rGyal sgra legs (reconstructed name)

Social groups (status, family, lineage...) 

Shud pu family 

Period of activity 

VIIIth century? 

IXth century? 

Reign of Khri Srong lde brtsan? 

Reign of Mu ne brtsan? 

Reign of Khri lDe srong brtsan? 

Biographical data 

The Shud pu blon (minister) rGyal sgra legs, the ban de dPal gnas, the slob dpon ban de lHa dbyangs, the rtse rje of Sha cu blon lHo bzang and the rtsis pa lCi sa Klu brtan were ring lugs at the same time [in the area extending] from Sha cu to Sug cu (ms. PT 1079 l. 5-7).

Titles 

blon (ms. PT 1079 l. 6)

ring lugs 

Notes 

The Shud pu blon rGyal sgra legs is possibly to be identified with the blon rGyal sgra legs mentioned in ms. PT 1089 (l. r6, r77).

For a translation of ms. PT 1079 see Richardson 1991, dating discussed in Scherrer Schaub 2007 p. 273.

Sum pa gSas slebs

00387 

Other names / Alternative spellings 

Social groups (status, family, lineage...) 

Sum pa 

Period of activity 

VIIIth century ? 

IXth century ? 

Reign of Khri Srong lde brtsan ? 

Reign of Mu ne brtsan ? 

Reign of Khri lDe srong brtsan ? 

Reign of Khri gTsug lde brtsan ? 

Reign of 'U 'i dum brtan ? 

Biographical data 

Sum pa gSas slebs was a relative (nyen) of Cog ro Zhang legs (ms. Or15000/91 l. v1). 

Sum pa gSas slebs was brought forth the zhang lon (Or15000/91 l. v1-v2).

Titles 

Notes 

On ms. Or15000/91 see Takeuchi 1997-1998 n° 153.

Cog ro Zhang legs

00386 

Other names / Alternative spellings 

Social groups (status, family, lineage...) 

Cog ro family 

Period of activity 

VIIIth century ? 

IXth century ? 

Reign of Khri Srong lde brtsan ? 

Reign of Mu ne brtsan ? 

Reign of Khri lDe srong brtsan ? 

Reign of Khri gTsug lde brtsan ? 

Reign of 'U 'i dum brtan ? 

Biographical data 

Cog ro Zhang legs was in 'U den (i. e. Khotan, ms. Or15000/91 l. v1).

Cog ro Zhang legs was a relative (nyen) of Sum pa gSas slebs  (ms. Or15000/91 l. v1).

Titles 

Notes 

On ms. Or15000/91 see Takeuchi 1997-1998 n° 153.

'Dam gyi Cog ro za

00163 

Other names / Alternative spellings 

'Dam gyi Cog ro za (ms. PT 1287 l. 482, 485) 

Cog ro za (ms. PT 1287 l. 491) 

Cog ro [za (?)] (ms. PT 1287 l. 530). 

Social groups (status, family, lineage...) 

Cog ro family 

Period of activity 

VIIth century ? 

VIIIth century 

Reign of Khri 'Dus srong mang po rje 

Biographical data 

Cog ro za (lady) was mGar Mang po rje stag rtsan's wife (mchis brang, ms. PT 1287 l. 530). 

[At the time of the downfall of the mGar family] the "lady Cog ro of 'Dam" ('dam gyi cog ro za) met (?) Khri 'Dus srong mang po rje and was offended by Khe rgad rGyal to re mdo snang (ms. PT 1287 l. 482-491). 

Cog ro za answered Khe rgad rGyal to re mdo snang (ms. PT 1287 l. 491-495). 

Cog ro za presumably fled to China with mGar Mang po rje stag rtsan (ms. PT 1287 l. 530-536). 


Titles 


Notes

see Uebach 1997 p. 65

lDe sman

rus0024 

Alternative spellings 

Functions 

Notes 

lDe sman was a family (?) linked to the lHo brag area in Old Tibetan sources (see mentions of lDe sman lDe'u cung in the lHo brag inscription and lDe sman rGyal mtshan's activities in lHo brag gnyan gong). 

lDe sman is also mentioned by at least two XIIIth century historians : 

- mKhas pa lDe'u attributes to "lDe dman" the foundation of the lHo phu chus khyer gyi lha khang (mKhas pa lDe'u 2010ed. p. 282) 

- Ne'u Pandita states that "lHe sman" built the "lHo chu khyer gyi lha khang" and the "lHo stod kyi lha khang" (Ne'u Pandita 2005ed. p. 28).

lDe sman rGyal mtshan

00349 

Other names / Alternative spellings 

lDe sman rGyal mtshan (ms. PT 44 l. 21.4) 

lDe sman (ms. PT 44 l. 22.3) 

Social groups (status, family, lineage...) 

lDe sman ? 

Period of activity 

VIIIth century 

Reign of Khri Srong lde brtsan ? 

Biographical data 

lDe sman rGyal mtshan was a disciple of Pad ma sam ba ba who practiced his master's teachings on phur bu in lHo brag gnyan gong with [Byin] Ye shes brtsegs and gNyan rNyi ba btsan ba dpal (ms. PT 44 l. 21.1-22.5 ). 

Titles 

Notes 

For a translation of PT 44 see Cantwell, Mayer 2008 p. 57-67.

lDe sman lDe'u cung

00384 

Other names / Alternative spellings 

lDe sman lDe'u cung (inscr. lHo brag l. 1) 

lDe'u cung (inscr. lHo brag l. 2, 3, 5) 

Social groups (status, family, lineage...) 

lDe sman ? 

Period of activity 

VIIIth century ? 

IXth century ? 

Reign of Mu ne brtsan ? 

Biographical data 

lDe sman lDe'u cung's father was Lo snang (inscr. lHo brag l. 2, 5).

lDe'u cung was loyal to the btsan po lha sras (inscr. lHo brag l. 1). 

Titles 

Notes

For an english translation of the lHo brag inscription see Richardson 1987.

According to lDe'u Jo sras, rNa nam rGyal tsha lta snang,  Shud pu Khri 'bring khong btsan, and lDe dman Gung bzhir lde chung (= lDe sman lDe'u cung ?) were the three blon po of Mu ne brtsan (lDe'u Jo sras 1987 ed. p. 133, sNa nam rGyal mtshan lha snang, Shud pu Khri 'bring khong btsan, and lDe sman Gur bzher lde chung in mKhas pa lde'u 2010 ed. p. 339).

Lo snang

00385 

Other names / Alternative spellings 

Social groups (status, family, lineage...) 

lDe sman ? 

Period of activity 

VIIIth century ? 

Reign of Khri lDe gtsug brtsan ? 

Reign of Khri Srong lde brtsan ? 

Reign of Mu ne brtsan ?

Biographical data 

Lo snang was lDe sman lDe'u cung's father (inscr. lHo brag l. 2, 5). 

Titles 

Notes 

For an english translation of the lHo brag inscription, see Richardson 1987.

'Brom Khong spe sa

00381 

Other names / Alternative spellings 

Social groups (status, family, lineage...) 

'Brom family 

Period of activity 

IXth century 

Reign of Khri gTsug lde brtsan 

Biographical data 

'Brom Khong spe sa offered a prayer for the foundation of the De ga g.yu tshal gtsug lag khang, praising and wishing long life to zhang Khri sum rje, zhang lHa bzang and the rje lha sras Khri gTsug lde brtsan (ms. ITJ 751 l. 41r2-41v4) 

Titles 

Notes 

"'Brom khong" seems to be interpreted as a place name in Stein 1983 p. 216.

'Brom Mang po rje

00382 

Other names / Alternative spellings 

Social groups (status, family, lineage...) 

'Brom family 

Period of activity 

VIIIth century ? 

IXth century ? 

Reign of Khri Srong lde brtsan ? 

Reign of Mu ne brtsan ? 

Reign of Khri lDe srong brtsan ? 

Reign of Khri gTsug lde brtsan ? 

Reign of 'U 'i dum brtan ? 

Biographical data 

'Brom Mang po rje is mentioned in a document from Mazar Tagh concerning a tax (Or.15000/78 l. r1) 

Titles 

Notes 

Concerning ms. Or.15000/78, see Takeuchi 1997-1998 doc. n° 140

'Brom za Ti pang

00377 

Other names / Alternative spellings 

'Brom za Sril pa (ms. PT 699 l. 2v1)  according to Meinert 2002

'Brom za Sril la (ms. PT 699 l. 2v1) according to Meinert 2007

'Brom za Ti  (ms. PT 699 l. 2v1) according to Karmay 2007

'Brom za Ti pang ? (ms. PT 699 l. 2v1)

Social groups (status, family, lineage...) 

'Brom family 

Period of activity 

VIIIth century

Reign of Khri Srong lde brtsan

Biographical data 

'Brom za (lady) Ti pang (?) is mentioned in a list of Buddhist practioners who achieved nirvâna "without remainder of the aggregates" (phung po lhag pa ma lus pa) including : Lang 'gro dKon mchog 'byung gnas, gNubs Nam kai snying po, dBu na A nang, Rlang Su ga ta go ba, and Mar kong za Rin cen (ms. PT 699 2r7-2v1). 

Titles 

grub pa po (ms. PT 699 l. 2v1) 

Notes 

On ms. PT 699 see Meinert 2007. 

The reading of this character's name is not sure.

Nyang Nyi ma 'od zer mentions a "'Bro bza' Ti pang ma" in the time of Khri Srong lde brtsan ("mkha' 'gro bkra shis mtsho rgyal / shel dkar bza' rdo rje mtsho dang / 'bro bza' ti pang ma / ru yong bza' ma 'thing ma / mchims rin chen gsal le 'od / mer gong bza' rin chen gtsug dang drug la sogs te / khyad par gyi bu mo gzungs mar byas /", Nyang Nyi ma 'od zer 2010 ed. p. 322).

Also, 'Brom bza' Ti pang ma : " de nas slob dpon pad ma 'byung gnas lho nub mtshams srin po'i yul du bzhud pa la lha sras mnga' bdag rgyal po mu tig btsan po dang / blon po rnams dang / dge bshes rnams dang / sngags pa rnams dang / rnal 'byor pa rnams dang / sman pa rnams dang / bon po rnams dang / skye bo rnams dang / bud med rnams dang / sgom chen pa rnams dang / nya ma rnams dang / slob dpon gyi mi brjed pa'i gzungs thob pa'i bkra shis mtsho rgyal / shel bza' rdo rje mtsho dang / ru yongs bza' 'thing ma dang / mchims bza' rin chen gsal le 'od dang / 'brom bza' ti pang ma dang / mer gong bza' rin chen mchog gtsug dang / khyad par gyi bu mo drug dang bcas pa rnams kyis / rgyal po la bskor nas byon / ..." (Nyang Nyi ma 'od zer 2010 ed. p. 357).

'brom za ti pang dang / mar kong za rin cen (?) in ms. PT 699 2v1

Source: Gallica