Social groups

'A zha (2) 'Ba' (1) 'Bal (6) 'Ber (3) 'Bre (2) 'Bring yas (9) 'Bro (33) 'Brom (6) 'Bu na (1) 'Da'r (1) 'Dan ma (1) 'Dral (2) 'Go (1) 'Go 'bom (5) 'Gong bom (3) 'Greng ro (6) 'Jang (4) 'O ma lde (4) 'Ol (2) 'Ol god (1) 'Phan (2) An (10) Bal po (4) Bam (10) ban de (15) bKrags (2) blon (115) blon chen (37) bon po (1) Brag (2) Bran ka (3) btsan mo (6) btsun mo (17) Byin (1) Ce (1) Cog ro (34) Da rgyal (4) Dags (6) dBa's (25) dBrad (2) De'u (1) dGro (2) dGro snya (4) dre (1) Dru gu (4) gcen (3) gcung (4) Gle'u (1) gNang (3) gNo' (3) gNubs (12) gnyan (1) gNyi ba (5) gNyos (2) Gro (4) gshen (3) gTom (1) Gu rib (4) gZhams (3) je ba (2) Je'u (2) Jeng (2) Kam (3) Khang (5) Khe rgad (1) Khu (8) Khyung po (6) klu (1) Kvag (1) Lang gro (6) lCi sa (2) lCog la (1) lDe sman (4) lDe'u (2) lha (14) lHa lung (1) lHo (4) Lig (2) Mar (1) Mar kong (1) mChims (18) Meg le (4) mGar (13) mGos (2) mkhan po (13) mKhar pa (1) mNon (5) mNyan (3) Mon (1) Mong (3) mThon myi (2) Myang (17) Myva (4) Nem (1) Ngan lam (4) Ning (1) Pa gor (2) Pa tsab (5) pho nya (13) Pho yong (1) Phung (1) phyva (1) Reb kong (4) rGya gar (11) rGya nag (12) rgyal pran (23) rHya (2) Rlang (20) rMa (2) rMe'u (2) rNgegs (8) Rong spo (4) rTsig (1) Ru yong (2) Rye shin (1) Sag (1) sBrang (3) Seng go (6) She'u (2) Shud ke (1) Shud pu (4) sKa ba (2) sKya tsa (7) sKyi (3) sman (1) sNa nam (13) sNya shur (5) sPu rgyal btsan po (43) sPug (4) srin (14) Sro (1) stag (4) sTang (3) Sum pa (2) Tre (2) Tshar long (7) Tshes pong (14) Wang (1) Yo gang (5) Zha snga (3) zhang (38) zhu chen (6)

Friday 27 April 2018

'Greng ro Dra ma skyes

00565 
Other names / Alternative spellings 


Social groups (status, family, lineage...) 

'Greng ro family


Period of activity 

VIIIth century ? 

IXth century ? 

Reign of Khri Srong lde brtsan

Reign of Mu ne brtsan

Reign of Khri lDe srong brtsan

Reign of Khri gTsug lde brtsan


Biographical data 

'Greng ro Dra ma skyes was a copyist and possibly a contemporary of the revisers ban de Ye shes sde, mDog Yul zung, rGya mThong kong, and ban de De bzhin gshegs and of the copyist 'Greng ro Legs 'Dus (ms. PT 1312 f. 36b). 


Titles 


Notes

To be distinguished from the copyist 'Greng ro Ma skyes mentioned in ms. PT 1300 f. 49b ? 

See Lalou 1939-1961 doc. n° 1312 

Mentioned in Dotson 2013-2014 [2015] p. 20, 23

Mention of 'Greng ro Dra ma skyes in ms. PT 1312

(source: Gallica)

'Greng ro Ma skyes

00567 
Other names / Alternative spellings 


Social groups (status, family, lineage...) 

'Greng ro 


Period of activity

VIIIth century ? 

Xth century ? 

Xth century ? 


Biographical data 

'Greng ro Ma skyes was a copyist [of buddhist texts] (ms. PT 1300 f. 49b). 

'Greng ro Ma skyes was possibly a contemporary of the copyists Dru gu Ba tu ka'i lags (?) and lDa chog Zhe myes (ms. PT 1300 f. 8b


Titles 


Notes 

To be distinguished from 'Greng ro Dra ma skyes mentioned in ms. PT 1312 f. 36b ?

See Lalou 1939-1961 doc. n° 1300. 


Mention of 'Greng ro ma skyes in ms. PT 1300 

 

(source : Gallica)

Wednesday 25 April 2018

Kim sheng kong co

00277
Other names / Alternative spellings

Kim shang khong co (ms. PT 1288-ITJ 750 l. 177)

Kim sheng khong co (ms. PT 1288-ITJ 750 l. 282)

Kim sheng kong co (inscr. Zhol rdo ring l. s67)

Kim shing kong co (inscr. Peace treaty l. e28)

Mun sheng khong co ? (ms. ITJ 1368 l. 22)

Mun sheng khon co ? (ms. ITJ 1368 l. 28, 29)

Kong co (ms. PT 1288-ITJ 750 l. 257, PT 960 l. 58-61, ITJ 598 l. 2v2-3, 3v2-4, 4r3-4, ITJ 601 l. 5r6, 6v2-3)

Kong cho (ms. ITJ 601 5r5, 6r8-6r9)

btsan mo Khong co (ms. PT 1288-ITJ 750 l. 176, 287)


Social groups (status, family, lineage...)

rGya nag (Chinese)

btsan mo


Period of activity

VIIIth century



Biographical data

After negotiations for an alliance between [the Tibetan] 'phrul gi lha btsan po Khri lDe gtsug brtsan and the Lord of China (rgya rje) Kha'e 'gvan sheng b'un shin b'u hvang te (i.e. Xuanzong, b.685-d.762), the btsan po received Kim shing kong co as a bride in the Keng lung year (inscr. Peace treaty l. e25-28).

[The negotiations for the wedding were actually carried by 'Bro za Khri ma lod and zhang bTsan to re lhas byin while Wu Zetian (b.624-d.705) followed by her son Tang Zhongzong (b. 656-710) were ruling in China (ms. PT 1288-ITJ 750 l. 175-177, Jiu Tangshu and Xin Tangshu transl. in Pelliot p.12-15, 95-96).]

In Dog year [710] Kim sheng kong co was brought [from China] to Ra sa [through the 'A zha realm] by zhang bTsan to re lhas byin, 'Bro zhang Khri bzang, Cog ro [Cung bzang 'dam kong (?)] (ms. PT 1288-ITJ 750 l. 177, ITJ l. 1368 22-24).

In Horse year [730], [Kim sheng] kong co's minister (blon) Chog ro Zhin kong was replaced by Lang gro Khong rtsan (ms. PT 1288-ITJ 0750 l. 257-258)

Kim sheng kong co had a brother (inscr. Zhol rdo ring l. s67-68, he is the Guang wu mentioned in Xin Tangshu and Jiu Tangshu, transl. in Pelliot p. 30, 107, a.k.a. "Gvang bu hvang te" placed on the throne of China by the Tibetans after their conquest of Chang'an in 763, ms. PT 1287, l. 377)

In Hare year [739] funeral rites were performed for both Kim sheng kong co and prince (btsan sras) lHas bon (ms. PT 1288-ITJ 750 l. 287).

According to the various Dunhuang versions of the Prophecy of the Li country (ms. PT 960, ITJ 598, ITJ 600, ITJ 601):

- Kong co was a daughter of the Chinese emperor (rgya rje'i bu mo ITJ 598 l. 2v2, she was a niece and a foster daughter of Tang Zhongzong, b.656-d.710, according to Jiu Tangshu and Xin Tangshu, transl. in Pelliot  p. 13, 95-96, see also "rgya rje'i sras mo mun sheng khong co" in ITJ 1368 l. 22)  

- Kong co was a supporter of Buddhism who built a large vihara in Tibet, etc. (ms. PT 960 l. 58, ITJ 598 l. 2v3, 3v4)

- Kong co died after a black or a large bubo or pustule formed on her chest ('brum nag PT 960 l. 60, 'brum chen ITJ 598 l. 4r3, ITJ 601 l. 6r9-6v3)


Titles

btsan mo (ms. PT 1288-ITJ 750 l. 11, 15, 176, 177, 282, 287)

btsun mo (ms. ITJ 598 l. 2v2, 3v2)

rgyal po'i chung ma (ms. ITJ 601 l. 5r5 )


Notes

Ms. ITJ 597 has not yet been digitised and could not be checked.

Transl. of ms. ITJ 1368 in Thomas 1651 p. 10-12.

Translation of the bstan 'gyur version of the Prophecy of the Li country in Thomas 1935 p. 77-87.


Tuesday 24 April 2018

blon dPal bzang

00457 
Other names / Alternative spellings 


Social groups (status, family, lineage...) 

Cog ro family? (uncertain, kept for indexation) 


Period of activity 

VIIIth century? 

IXth century?


Reign of Mu ne brtsan?  



Reign of 'U 'i dum brtan


Biographical data 

dPal bzang was the name of one or several officials of the Tibetan empire. 

Buddhist texts written in Sha cu where dedicated to blon dPal bzang (ms. PT 72 l. 14). 

Blon bTsan sum bzher, blon Mang zigs, blon dPal bzang and others gathered an assembly in an Ox year at Dru gu (Turkish land ? ms. Or 1500/467 l. r1) 

Zhang blon chen po blon dPal bzang gathered an assembly at Nob chu ngu in a Sheep (?) year (ms. Or 15000/530 l. r1) 

Zhang lon chen po blon dPal bzang acted as a witness in a "contract for the sale of a male bondservant" found in Mîrân (possibly dating from 800-850 acc. to Takeuchi 1995 p. 159).

Zhang lon chen po blon dPal bzang was a contemporary of 'U tang gsas chung a.k.a. Byang cub bkra shis, gNyos 'O se, blon sTag sgra, rtse rje blon sTag stag rtsan, blon dGe bzher lha 'brug brtsan, zhing pon sTag bzang lha spe (?), lDong preng mdo gong (?) (ms. Or 15000/530 l. r1-2, r7-9, see Takeuchi 1995 p. 159-191). 

Blon dPal bzang was a contemporary of blon dPal zigs (ms. PT 1385 l. 22r1


Titles 

blon (ms. PT 72 l. 14, PT 1193 l. v3 PT 1385 l. 22r1, Or 15000/523 l. 2, Or 15000/530 l. r7) 

nang rje po blon (ms. PT 1458 l. r margin 1

zhang lon chen po blon (ms. Or 15000/530 l. r1) 


Notes 

See Lalou 1939-1961 doc. n° 72, 1193, 1385, 1458 

See Takeuchi 1997-1998 doc. n° 583, 642, 649 

See Takeuchi 1995 p. 159-191 text n° 6 for a translation of ms. Or 15000/530.

A mkhas pa Cog ro dPal bzang sang a song in the consecration of bSam yas according to rGyal rabs gsal ba'i me long (see 2005ed. p. 218, transl. in Sørensen 1994 p. 395).


Friday 20 April 2018

Mon sTag mthong

00645 
Other names / Alternative spellings 


Social groups (status, family, lineage...) 

Mon 


Period of activity 

VIIIth century ? 

IXth century ? 

Reign of Khri lDe srong brtsan

Reign of Khri gTsug lde brtsan


Biographical data 

Mon sTag mthong was a copyist and reviser, he was a contemporary of the Indian scholars (rgya gar gyi mkhan poShag kya pra ba and Su ren dra bo de, of the ban 'de Be ro tsa na / Bo ro tsha na, and of a reviser named 'Jam dpal (ms. PT 1311). 


Titles 


Notes 

See Lalou 1939-1961 doc. n° 1311

Mentioned in Dotson 2013-2014 [2015] p. 18, 20, 23, 24


Shag kya pra ba

00484 
Other names / Alternative spellings 

Shag kya bra ba (PT 1582

Shakyaprabha (reconstructed name) 

Śākyaprabha (reconstructed name) 


Social groups (status, family, lineage...) 

rGya gar (Indian) 

mkhan po 


Period of activity 

VIIIth century ? 

IXth century 

Reign of Khri lDe srong brtsan

Reign of Khri gTsug lde brtsan


Biographical data 

Shag kya pra ba was an Indian scholar (mkhan po) and a contemporary of : 

- Su ren dra bo de, Indian scholar and reviser (ms. PT 1582, PT 1311


- 'Jam dpal, reviser (ms. PT 1311)

- Mon sTag mthong, copyist and reviser (ms. PT 1311


Titles

rgya gar gyi mkhan po (ms. PT 1311, PT 1582


Notes

See Lalou 1939-1961 doc. n° 1311, 1582


Tuesday 17 April 2018

gNyi dPal 'dus

00257 
Other names / Alternative spellings 


Social groups (status, family, lineage...) 

gNyi (= gNyi ba?) 


Period of activity 

VIIIth century ? 

IXth century ? 

Reign of Khri Srong lde brtsan

Reign of Mu ne brtsan

Reign of Khri lDe srong brtsan

Reign of Khri gTsug lde brtsan

Reign of 'U 'i dum brtan


Biographical data 

gNyi dPal 'dus sold a cow to the ban 'de dPal byang, mGos Klu rtsan was a witness of the sales agreement (ms. ITJ 0857B


Titles 


Notes 

See OTDO 

See also Takeuchi 1995 p. 151-152


gNya' na gar ba

00479 
Other names / Alternative spellings 

gNya' na gar ba (ms. ITJ 637 l. 67r1-2) 

gNyen ga rba (ms. PT 68 l. 2.9) 

Jñanagarbha (reconstructed name) 


Social groups (status, family, lineage...) 

mkhan po 

rgya gar (Indian) 


Period of activity 

IXth century ? 

Reign of Khri gTsug lde brtsan


Biographical data 

The scholar (mkhan po) gNyen ga rba produced a comment on the Theg pa chen po dbu ma'i lta ba (ms. PT 68 l. 2.6

Following the order of the mnga' bdag rgyal po dpal lha btsan po (Khri gTsug lde brtsan according to Richardson 1992 p. 6), the Indian scholar theg pa chen po dbu ma pa gNya' na gar ba and the zhu chen gyi lo tsa pa dge slong Cog ro klu 'i rgyal mtshan, translated [religious texts in Tibetan] (ITJ 637 l. 67r1-2).


Titles 

rgya gar gi mkhan po (ms. ITJ 637 l. 67r) 

theg pa chen po dbu ma pa (ms. ITJ 637 l. 67r1) 

mkhan po (ms. PT 68) 


Notes 

See Lalou 1939-1961 doc. n° 68


Dar ma pa la

00592 
Other names / Alternative spellings

Dharmapâla (reconstructed name)

Dharmapāla (reconstructed name)


Social groups (status, family, lineage...) 

mkhan po 

rGya gar (Indian) 


Period of activity 

IXth century ? 

Reign of Khri gTsug lde brtsan


Biographical data 

Dar ma pa la was an Indian scholar (rgya gar gyi mkhan po), he worked on translations [of buddhist texts] with the [Tibetan] ban de Ye shes sde and the Indian scholar Phrad nya bar ma (ms. PT 417 l. 2v3-4, ITJ 428 l. 2v5, ITJ 430 l. 14v1).


Titles 

rgya gar gyi mkhan po (ms. PT 417 l. 2v3-4, ms. ITJ 430 l. 14v1

rgya gar mkhan po (ITJ 428 l. 2v5


Notes 

See Lalou 1939-1961, doc. n° 417 

See Dalton, Van Schaik 2006, IOL Tib J 428, IOL Tib J 430




Monday 16 April 2018

Bam dPal 'dus

00523 
Other names / Alternative spellings 


Social groups (status, family, lineage...) 

Bam family 


Period of activity 

IXth century?

Reign of Khri gtsug lde brtsan


Biographical data 

Bam dPal 'dus was a copyist [of buddhist texts] and a contemporary of the three revisers Phug 'gi, dPal gyi ngang tsul and dGe mchog (ms. PT 1452) 


Titles 


Notes 

See Lalou 1939-1961 doc. n° 1452

Mention of dPal 'dus and the three revisers in ms. PT 1452 (source : Gallica)


Thursday 12 April 2018

Bam Cab thong

00492 
Other names / Alternative spellings 


Social groups (status, family, lineage...) 

Bam family

ban de (monk) 


Period of activity 

VIIIth century ? 

IXth century ? 

Reign of Khri Srong lde brtsan

Reign of Mu ne brtsan

Reign of Khri lDe srong brtsan


Biographical data 

In a Bird year, ban 'de Bam Cab thong was a contemporary of a blon zhang Khri dog rje and a Rin chen dpal (ms. PT 2128 l. 1-2) 


Titles 

ban 'de (ms. PT 2128 l. 2) 


Notes 

See Lalou 1939-1961 doc. n° 2128


Wednesday 11 April 2018

Rong spo Khrom brtsan

00627
Other names / Alternative spellings 


Social groups (status, family, lineage...) 

Rong spo 


Period of activity 

VIIIth century ? 

IXth century ? 

Reign of Khri Srong lde brtsan

Reign of Mu ne brtsan

Reign of Khri lDe srong brtsan

Reign of Khri gTsug lde brtsan

Reign of 'U 'i dum brtan


Biographical data 

Rong spo Khrom brtsan was possibly a contemporary of a blon (minister) mTshan bzher and of Wang za (lady) Zhib i nyang (PT 1176 recto). 


Titles 


Notes 

See Lalou 1939-1961 doc. n° 1176


Tuesday 10 April 2018

Bam Legs sbyin

00524 
Other names / Alternative spellings 


Social groups (status, family, lineage...) 

Bam family 


Period of activity 

VIIIth century ? 

IXth century ? 

Xth century ? 


Biographical data 

Bam Legs sbyin was a copyist and reviser of Buddhist texts (ms. PT 1365 l. 541v7) 


Titles 


Notes

Monday 9 April 2018

Bam sTag zigs

00407 
Other names / Alternative spellings 


Social groups (status, family, lineage...) 

Bam family


Period of activity 

VIIIth century ? 

IXth century ? 

Reign of Khri Srong lde brtsan

Reign of Mu ne brtsan

Reign of Khri lDe srong brtsan


Biographical data 

Jeng lHa rton and Bam sTag zigs were named together as mngan (officials in charge of taxes, ms. PT 1089 l. r65-r66). 


Titles 

mngan (PT 1089 l. r65-r66) 


Notes 

On ms. PT 1089 see Scherrer-Schaub 2007 p. 279-280, also Lalou 1956


Bam Legs bzang

00491
Other names / Alternative spellings 


Social groups (status, family, lineage...) 

Bam family 


Period of activity 

VIIIth century ? 

IXth century ? 

Xth century ? 


Biographical data 

Bam Legs bzang was a copyist of Buddhist texts (ms. PT 143 l. 5.16) 


Titles 


Notes 

See also Lalou 1939-1961 doc. n° 143


Friday 6 April 2018

Bam sTag slebs

00408 
Other names / Alternative spellings 


Social groups (status, family, lineage...) 

Bam family 


Period of activity 

IXth century ?  

Reign of Khri gTsug lde brtsan

Reign of 'U 'i dum brtan ?


Biographical data 

Bam sTag slebs was a copyist [of Buddhist text], a contemporary of the three revisers Dam tsong, Seng ge, and Ci gyen (ms. PT 1434 l. 7v12). 

Bam sTag slebs's seal was applied on a "Receipt for the repayment of loaned wheat" dated from a Hog year (ms. ITJ 844 l. 7, see also OTDO edition of the text). 

Bam sTag slebs was a contemporary of Cang Ka dzo and Cang Kun tse (ms. ITJ 844 l. 1), mkhan po Thub brtan (ms. ITJ 844 l. 4), the gnyer pa Dar rgyal ma and Tre Mye slebs (ms. ITJ 844 l. 5), Byi brtsan, Dze'u gog tsheng and Cang Klu legs (ms. ITJ 844 l. 7-8)


Titles 


Notes 

See Lalou 1939-1961 doc. n° 1434. 

See Thomas 1951 p. for a translation of ms. ITJ 844 p. 41-42.

A "Dam tshong" is mentioned in Dotson 2013-2014 [2015] p. 29

Bam

rus0030 
Alternative spellings 


Notes 

Bam : the Tibetan transcription of a Chinese family name (see Takeuchi 1995 p. 130). 

The Bam family name is mentioned in connection with the rgod sar gyi sde ("rgod sar gyi sde bam pe'u dar" ms. PT 1000A l. 6) and the snyings choms gyi sde ("snyings choms gyi sde bam za 'bi bri" ms. PT 1001A l. 1). 

Some members of the Bam family have Tibetan (or Tibetanised ?) name such as : Bam Legs bzang, Bam sTag bzang, Bam dPal 'dus...


Wednesday 4 April 2018

Myva la kag

00301 
Other names / Alternative spellings 


Social groups (status, family, lineage...) 

Myva (people) 

'Jang (country) 


Period of activity 

VIIIth century 



Biographical data 

In Bird year [733] Li Zhang sho, emissary of China, and Myva la kag paid homage (ms. PT 1288-ITJ 750 l. 265-266). 


Titles 


Notes 

Myva La kag is most likely the king Piluogua of Nanzhao mentioned by Chinese sources. At first a local chieftain, he unified the Nanzhao and reigned from 728 to 748. His son and heir was Kag la bong (pinyin : Geluofeng, see Stein 1952 p. 83, Backus 1981 p. 57-63).

Dvan cung kog

00333 
Other names / Alternative spellings 

Cung kog (ms. PT 1287 l. 363) 


Social groups (status, family, lineage...) 

Myva (people) 

'Jang (country) 


Period of activity 

VIIIth century 



Biographical data

Dvan cung kog, minister of the Myva'i rgyal po Kag la bong, paid homage to Khri lDe gtsug brtsan (ms. PT 1287 l. 350-351).


Titles 

blon po 


Notes 

Dvan Cung kog is most likely the minister Duan Zhong guo mentioned in the De hua stele inscription (transl. in Chavannes 1901 p. 61, see also  Backus 1981 p. 179 n. 21).


Kag la bong

00231 
Other names / Alternative spellings 

La bong (ms. PT 1287 l. 355, 359, 362)


Social groups (status, family, lineage...) 

Myva (people)

'Jang (country)

gcung


Period of activity 

VIIIth century 




Biographical data 

[In 752 (? see notes)] "The king of Myva known as Kag la bong, after paying homage as a vassal, was given the rank of gcung, and [his (?)] people was added [to the tibetan realm (?)]." (myva 'i rgyal po kag la bong zhes bya ba / / 'bangs su pyag 'tshal nas / thabs gcung stsal te / myi mang gi snon btab ms. PT 1287 l. 345-346, see also Uebach 2003 p. 56)

Dvan cung kog, minister of the myva'i rgyal po Kag la bong, paid homage to Khri lDe gtsug brtsan (ms. PT 1287 l. 350-351).

[Kag] La bong victories over China and recognition of Tibet's suzerainty are celebrated in a song (ms. PT 1287 l. 352-365).

Zhang sTong rtsan, blon Khri bzang, and [the Myva king] Kag la bong sacked Se cu [in Monkey year 756] (ms. Or 8212.187 l. 21-22). 


Titles 

myva'i rgyal po (ms. PT 1287 l. 345) 

'jang gi rgyal po (ms. PT 1287 l. 346)

'jang myva 'i rgyal po (ms. PT 1287 l. 347)

rje (ms. PT 1287 l. 355, 359, 362)

'bangs (ms. PT 345, 346)

gcung (ms. PT 345)

zanpu zhong (De hua stele incription, possibly the transcription of the Tibetan *btsan po cung, see Chavannes 1901 p. 17, also possibly *btsan po gcung


Notes 

Kag la bong (Geluofeng in Chinese sources) was the son of Myva la kag and ruled the kingdom of Nanzhao from 748 to 779 (Backus 1981 p. 58, 69-85). 

According to the inscription of the De hua (or Tai He) stele, Kag la bong received the title of zanpu zhong in 752, while his son was given the turquoise insignia (see Chavannes 1901 p. 43).

For a French translation of the Chinese inscription on the De hua stele (dated from 766), see Chavannes 1901. See also Uebach 2003 (p. 54-59) for a study on the Tibetan names mentioned on the inscription.



Sunday 1 April 2018

La bri


00307
Other names / Alternative spellings


Social groups (status, family, lineage...)

Myva (people)

'Jang (country)


Period of activity

VIIIth century



Biographical data

In Horse year [742] An Da lang, emissary of China, and La bri, emissary of Myva nag po, [arrived in Tibet and] paid homage (ms. PT 1288-ITJ 750 l. 289-290).


Titles

myva nag poe po nya (ms. PT 1288-ITJ 750 l. 289)


Notes