An Da lang

00306

Other names / Alternative spellings

Social groups (status, family, lineage...)

An (Sogdian family ?)

rGya nag (China)

Period of activity

VIIIth century

Reign of Khri lDe gtsug brtsan

Biographical data

In Horse year [742] An Da lang, emissary of China, and La bri, emissary of Myva nag po, [arrived in Tibet and] paid homage (ms. PT 1288-ITJ 750 l. 289-290).

Titles

rgya'i pho nya (ms. PT 1288-ITJ 750 l. 289)

Notes

bTsan to re lhas byin

00205 

Other names / Alternative spellings 

bTsan btsan to re lhas byin (ms. PT 1288-ITJ 750 l. 137-138) 

bTsan to re lhas byin (ms. PT 1288-ITJ 750 l. 176, 194-195) 

bTsan to re (ms. PT 1288-ITJ 750 l. 207, 210, 212, 216, 217, 220, ITJ 1368 l. 23) 

Social groups (status, family, lineage...) 

'Bro family?*

zhang 

Period of activity 

VIIIth century 

Reign of Khri 'Dus srong mang po rje 

Regency of 'Bro za Khri ma lod khri steng 

Reign of Khri lDe gtsug brtsan 

Biographical data 

In the winter of the Ox year [701-702], zhang bTsan to re lhas byin and Seng go sNang to re skyi zung gathered the assembly (ms. PT 1288-ITJ 750 l. 137-138). 

In Dog year [710], zhang bTsan to re lhas byin, 'Bro zhang Khri bzang, Cog ro [Cung bzang 'dam kong (?)] were part of the Tibetan delegation which brought the Chinese princess Kim sheng ("Mun sheng" in ITJ 1368) to Tibet (ms. ITJ 1368 l. 22-24, PT 1288-ITJ 750 l. 175-177). 

In Tiger year [714], 'bon Da rgyal bTsan zung and zhang bTsan to re lhas byin administrated the 'A zha people ('a zha'i mkhos bgyis) at Sil gu cin gyi 'o khol (ms. PT 1288-ITJ 750 l. 194-195). 

Zhang bTsan to re [lhas byin] and dBa's Khri sum rje rtsang bzher gathered councils in the summer of Horse year [718], winter of Sheep year [719] and Monkey year [720] (ms. PT 1288-ITJ 750 l. 207-219).

dBa's Khri gzigs zhang nyen, zhang bTsan to re [lhas byin], and zhang Khri bzang stag tsab died in Bird year [721] (ms. PT 1288-ITJ 750 l. 219-222). 

Titles

zhang (ms. PT 1288-ITJ 750 l. 137, 176, 194, 207, 210, 212, 216, 217, 220, ITJ 1368 l. 23). 

Notes

Zhang bTsan to re is most probably the Shang zan duo 尙贊咄 / Shang zan tu 尙贊吐 mentioned in Jiu Tangshu and Xin Tangshu c. 709 (see transl. in Pelliot 1961 p. 13, 96).

*His family name is unknown. However, according to the historical context of his career (i.e. 'Dus srong's reign and the regency of 'Bro za Khri ma lod) and the fact that he is called zhang about three years before the birth of Khri lDe gtsug brtsan, he was probably a 'Bro.

Mun chang kong co

00156 

Other names / Alternative spellings 

Mun chang kong co (ms. PT 1288 l. 11) 

Mun cang kong co (ms. PT 1288-ITJ 750 l. 11, 85) 

Mun sheng kong co (inscr. Peace treaty l. e24) 

Wencheng gongzhu (pinyin Chinese name) 


Social groups (status, family, lineage...) 

rGya nag (Chinese) 

btsan mo


Period of activity

VIIth century 

Reign of Srong brtsan sgam po 

Reign of Gung srong gung brtsan 

Reign of Mang slon mang rtsan 

Reign of Khri 'Dus srong mang po rje (hegemony of mGar)


Biographical data

After the negotiations for an alliance between [the Tibetan] 'phrul gi lha btsan po Khri srong brtsan and the Lord of China (rgya rje) The'e tsong b'un bu sheng hvang te (i. e. Tang Taizong), Mun sheng kong co was given as a bride to the btsan po in the ceng kvan year (pinyin : zheng guan, 641, inscr. Peace treaty l. e23-e25, see also Jiu Tangshu and Xin Tangshu in Pelliot 1961 p. 4, 83).

Mun chang was brought to Tibet by mGar sTong rtsan yul zung (ms. PT 1288 l. 11). 

Khri srong brtsan lived three years with Mun chang kong co and died (in 649/650, ms. PT 1288 l. 17). 

The funerals of the btsan mo Mun chang kong jo were performed in Sheep year (683) [she died three years earlier, in 680, according to Jiu Tangshu and Xin Tangshu, see Pelliot 1961 p. 10, 89-90] (ms. PT 1288-ITJ 750 l. 85).


Titles 

btsan mo (ms. PT 1288-ITJ 750 l. 85) 


Notes 

Wencheng is also mentioned by Yijing (635-713) in his Datang Xiyu Qiufa Gaoseng Zhuan : she met twice the pilgrim monk Xuanzhao who crossed Tibet on his way to northern India and on the way back, from Nepal to China (transl. in Chavannes 1894 p. 13-14, 20).

The Mun sheng kon[g] co mentioned in the Annals of 'A zha principality (ms. ITJ 1368 l. 22, 28-29) is usually thought to be princess Jincheng (see Dotson 2009 p. 14 for references). However, Yamaguchi Zuihô argues that ITJ 1368 refers to Wencheng whom he also identifies to Khon co Mang mo rje khri skar (see Yamaguchi 1996 p. 231-236).

zhang sTong rtsan

00230 

Other names / Alternative spellings 

sTong rtsan (ms. Or 8212.187 l. 13, 21, 26, 30-31, 35, 37, 44, 51, 53, 61) 

sTong stsan (ms. Or 8212.187 l. 86) 

sDong stsan (ms. Or 8212.187 l. 74, 83) 

sDong rtsan (ms. Or 8212.187 l. 67) 

Social groups (status, family, lineage...) 

'Bro family? 

zhang 

Period of activity 

VIIIth century 

Reign of Khri Srong lde brtsan 

Biographical data 

Zhang sTong rtsan and blon [minister] [mGos] Khri bzang [yab lag] sacked the fortress of Te'u cu [in Sheep year 755] (ms. Or 8212.187 l. 13). 

Zhang sTong rtsan, blon Khri bzang, and [the Myva king] Kag la bong sacked Se cu [in Monkey year 756] (ms. Or 8212.187 l. 21-22). 

Zhang sTong rtsan and blon Mang rtsan gathered the mDo smad summer assembly [in 757] (ms. Or 8212.187 l. 21-22). 

Zhang sTong rtsan gathered the summer assembly [in 758] (ms. Or 8212.187 l. 30-31). 

Zhang sTong rtsan and blon Khri bzang went in 'A zha land [in Hog year 759] (ms. Or 8212.187 l. 35-36). 

In the winter [of Hog year 759-760], zhang sTong rtsan, blon Khri bzang, and zhang bTsan ba conquered Tsong ka chu ngu (ms. Or 8212.187 l. 37-38). 

In winter [761-762], zhang sTong rtsan conquered Zangs kar and Zong cu (ms. Or 8212.187 l. 44). 

[In Tiger year 762-763,] zhang sTong rtsan and zhang rGyal zigs crossed the iron bridge of Bum ling and defeated the chinese garrisons of 'Bu shing kun, Zin cu, Ga cu and others. 

In Tiger year [762-763], zhang sTong rtsan, zhang rGyal zigs, blon [Ngan lam] sTag sgra [klu khong], zhang bTsan ba and others led a military campaign in China and conquered Keng shi (ms. Or 8212.187 l. 51-54, 81-85). 

Zhang sTong rtsan was rewarded with the g.yu'i yi ge (turquoise insignia) and promoted to the rank of so mtha bzhi dmag pon (ms. Or 8212.187 l. 61). 

Titles 

zhang (ms. Or 8212.187 l. 13,, 21, 26, 30, 35, 37, 44, 51, 53, 74, 83, 86) 

so mtha bzhi dmag pon (ms. Or 8212.187 l. 61) 

Notes 

Other zhang contemporary to sTong rtsan include : mChims zhang rGyal zigs shu teng, [mChims?] zhang mDo zher, and ['Bro ?] zhang bTsan ba (see Demiéville 1987ed p. 290-306). Thus, zhang sTong rtsan's rus may have been mChims, 'Bro or possibly sNa nam since Khri Srong lde btsan's mother was sNa nam za' Mang mo rje bzhi steng.

Blon po bka' thang III  mentions a 'Bro sKyes bzang ldong btsan (= stong rtsan? see bKa' thang sde lnga 1997 ed. p. 437).

'Briung yas rGyal gzigs khrom dpal

00606 

Other names / Alternative spellings 

'Brung yas (ms. PT 1240, according to Lalou 1939-1961) 

'Briung yas (ms. PT 1240) 

rGyal gzigs (ms. PT 1240) 

Khrom dpal (ms. PT 1240) 

'Briung yas rGyal gzigs khrom dpal (reconstructed name) 

Social groups (status, family, lineage...) 

'Briung yas (= 'Bring yas ?) 

Period of activity 

? 

Biographical data 

'Briung yas rGyal gzigs khrom dpal was likely a contemporary of 'Brom mDo bzher 'dzing bu, dGro snya Mang gzigs slang kong and Langs Khri mnyes nos kong, his rus was 'Briung yas (= 'Bring yas ?), his ming was rGyal gzigs, his mkhan was Khrom dpal (ms. PT 1240). 

Titles 

Notes 

See Lalou 1939-1961 doc. n° 1240

Mention of 'Briung yas rGyal gzigs khrom dpal 

(= 'Bring yas rGyal gzigs khrom dpal ?) in ms. PT 1240 (source : Gallica)

'Brom mDo bzher 'dzong bu

00605 

Other names / Alternative spellings 

'Brom (ms. PT 1240) 

mDo bzher (ms. PT 1240) 

'Dzong bu (ms. PT 1240) 

'Brom mDo bzher 'dzong bu (reconstructed name) 

Social groups (status, family, lineage...) 

'Brom 

Period of activity 

? 

Biographical data 

'Brom mDo bzher 'dzong bu was likely a contemporary of dGro snya Mang gzigs slang kong, 'Bring yas rGyal gzigs khrom dpal and Langs Khri mnyes nos kong, his rus was 'Brom, his ming was mDo bzher, his mkhan was 'Dzong bu (ms. PT 1240). 

Titles 

Notes 

See Lalou 1939-1961 doc. n° 1240

dGro snya Mang gzigs slang kong

00608

Other names / Alternative spellings 

dGro snya (ms. PT 1240) 

Mang gzigs (ms. PT 1240) 

Slang kong (ms. PT 1240) 

dGro snya Mang gzigs slang kong (reconstructed name) 

Social groups (status, family, lineage...) 

dGro snya 

Period of activity 

?

Biographical data 

dGro snya Mang gzigs slang kong was likely a contemporary of 'Brom mDo bzher 'dzing bu, 'Bring yas rGyal gzigs khrom dpal and Langs Khri mnyes nos kong, his rus was dGro snya, his ming was Mang gzigs, his mkhan was Slang kong (ms. PT 1240). 

Titles 

Notes 

See Lalou 1939-1961 doc. n° 1240